the+aparthied

1.**Apartheid** (meaning //separateness// in [|Afrikaans], [|cognate] to [|English] //apart// and //[|-hood]//) was a system of legalized [|racial segregation] enforced by the [|National Party] (NP) [|South African] government between 1948 and 1994. 2.Apartheid was dismantled in a series of negotiations from 1990 to 1993, culminating in [|elections in 1994], the first in South Africa with [|universal suffrage], but the legacies of apartheid still shape South African politics and society. 3.The government responded to a series of popular uprisings and protests with police brutality, which in turn increased local support for the armed resistance struggle. 4.In response to popular and political resistance, the apartheid government resorted to detentions without trial, torture, censorship, and the banning of political opposition from organisations such as the [|African National Congress], the [|Black Consciousness Movement], the [|Azanian People's Organisation], the [|Pan Africanist Congress], and the [|United Democratic Front], which were popularly considered [|liberation movements]. Despite suffering extreme repression and exile, these organisations maintained popular support for the anti-apartheid struggle in South Africa and forged connections with the international [|anti-apartheid movement] during this period. 5.White South Africa became increasingly militarised, embarking on the so-called [|border war] with the covert support of the USA, and later sending the South African Defence Force into black townships.