sitting+on+the+fence+by+Ayla

1. Use the internet to write five facts about: **F1)Date of birth:** 18 December 1946, King William's Town, Eastern Cape, South Africa F3)From an early age Steve Biko showed an interest in anti-Apartheid politics. After being expelled from his first school, Lovedale, in the Eastern Cape for 'anti-establishment' behaviour, he was transferred to a Roman Catholic boarding school in Natal. F4)By 11 September Biko had slipped into a continual, semi-conscious state and the police physician recommended a transfer to hospital. Biko was, however, transported 1,200 km to Pretoria – a 12-hour journey which he made lying naked in the back of a Land Rover. A few hours later, on 12 September, alone and still naked, lying on the floor of a cell in the Pretoria Central Prison, Biko died from brain damage. F5)In 1973 Steve Biko was ' [|banned] ' by the Apartheid government. Under the 'ban' Biko was restricted to his home town of Kings William's Town in the Eastern Cape – he could no longer support the BCP in Durban, but was able to continue working for the BPC – he helped set up the Zimele Trust Fund which assisted political prisoners and their families. __The Apartheid__ F1)**Apartheid** (meaning //separateness// in [|Afrikaans], [|cognate] to [|English] //apart// and //[|-hood]//) was a system of legalized [|racial segregation] enforced by the [|National Party] (NP) [|South African] government between 1948 and 1994. F2) It arose from a history of settler rule and Dutch and British [|colonialism], which became policies of separation after South Africa gained self-governance as a dominion within the [|British Empire] and were expanded and formalised into a system of legitimised racism and white nationalism after 1948. F3)Apartheid was dismantled in a series of negotiations from 1990 to 1993, culminating in [|elections in 1994], the first in South Africa with [|universal suffrage], but the legacies of apartheid still shape South African politics and society. F3) Apartheid legislation classified inhabitants and visitors into [|racial groups] (black, white, [|coloured] and Asian). The system of apartheid sparked significant [|internal resistance].[|[1]] The government responded to a series of popular uprisings and protests with police brutality, which in turn increased local support for the armed resistance struggle.[|[] F4) In response to popular and political resistance, the apartheid government resorted to detentions without trial, torture, censorship, and the banning of political opposition from organisations such as the [|African National Congress], the [|Black Consciousness Movement], the [|Azanian People's Organisation], the [|Pan Africanist Congress], and the [|United Democratic Front], which were popularly considered [|liberation movements]. F5) Despite suffering extreme repression and exile, these organisations maintained popular support for the anti-apartheid struggle in South Africa and forged connections with the international [|anti-apartheid movement] during this period.[|[3]][|[4]] White South Africa became increasingly militarised, embarking on the so-called [|border war] with the covert support of the USA, and later sending the South African Defence Force into black townships.
 * __ Steve Biko __
 * F2) Date of death:** 12 September 1977, Pretoria prison cell, South Africa

__Nelson Mandela__ F1) Nelson Mandela's greatest pleasure, his most private moment, is watching the sun set with the music of Handel or Tchaikovsky playing. F2) Locked up in his cell during daylight hours, deprived of music, both these simple pleasures were denied him for decades. F3) With his fellow prisoners, concerts were organised when possible, particularly at Christmas time, where they would sing. F4) Nelson Mandela finds music very uplifting, and takes a keen interest not only in European classical music but also in African choral music and the many talents in South African music. F5)But one voice stands out above all - that of Paul Robeson, whom he describes as our hero.

2. "Why does what happened in South Africa concern us in New Zealand?" F1)1998 South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission held hearings investigating activities of the apartheid-era government F2)Toward the end of the hearings, the Commission looked into the apartheid regime's Chemical and Biological Warfare (CBW) program and allegations that it developed a sterility vaccine to use on black South Africans, employed toxic and chemical poison weapons for political asssassination, and in the late 1970s provided anthrax and cholera to Rhodesian troops for use against guerrilla rebels in their war to overthrow Rhodesia's white minority rule. F3)South Africa's CBW program was headed by Dr. Wouter Basson, a former Special Forces Army Brigadier and personal heart specialist to former President P.W. Botha. F3)Basson ran the CBW program during the 1980s and early 1990s. F4)CBW, also known as Project Coast, was initiated in the early 1980s to provide detection and protection capabilities to the South African Defence Force. F5)However, there was an offensive component to the program and the claims are that CBW's offensive program:

3. What is "Godzone"? F1)**God’s Own Country**, often abbreviated to **Godzone** or less often **Godzown**, is a phrase that has been used for more than 120 years by [|New Zealanders] to describe their homeland. F2)It has subsequently been adopted by some other countries, notably [|Australia], but this has declined as the phrase has become increasingly associated with New Zealand. In recent years the phrase has been adopted as a tourist slogan by the [|Kerala] state government in [|India]. F3)The earliest recorded use of the phrase was as the title of a poem about New Zealand written by [|Thomas Bracken] [|[1]] some time in the 1880s. It was published in a book of his poems in 1890, and then again in 1893 in a book containing a selection of his works, entitled //Lays and Lyrics: God's Own Country and Other Poems.// F4)God's Own Country as a phrase was often used and popularised by New Zealand's longest serving prime minister, [|Richard John Seddon].

4. Who is the author?